9B Unit3 Asia导学案1
9b unit3 asia welcome to the unit 【背景知识】
北京
在现在北京城址上的第一座城市新建于1267年，时逢元朝。是当时的都城。明朝前两个皇帝曾将南京作为都城，但第三个皇帝重新定都北京。从那以后知道1928年，北京就一直是中国的都城。1928年至1949期间，国民党政府定都南京。1949年，中华人民共和国宣布北京为新中国的首都。
桂林
几百万年前，现在的桂林市一片汪洋大海。在海床上积累了厚达几千米的石灰岩曾。地壳变化时海水退去，石灰岩逐渐露出海面。石灰岩历经几百万年的风雨侵蚀，形成了现在的地貌， 即高耸的山峰和复杂的岩洞。
XX年前，桂林以其重要的战略位置而成为一座重镇。秦始皇下令开凿了一条连接湘江和漓江的运河---灵渠。随着越来越多的人到桂林旅游，它的美丽也为更多的人所知晓。除了自然美景之外， 桂林还有许多史前遗迹，明代陵墓以及石雕和石刻。
tian'anmen square is one of the largest city squares in the world. it lies in the heart of beijing. tian'anmen was built in 1417 and was the entrance gate to the forbidden city. now the square
stretches（延伸）880 meters from north to south and 500 meters from east to west. the total area is 440,000 square meters. that's about the size of 60 soccer fields, spacious enough to accommodate half a million people. the forbidden city (紫禁城) is the chinese imperial（帝国的） palace from the ming dynasty to the end of the qing dynasty and it ’s also the world's biggest palace. it lies in the middle of beijing, china, and now houses the palace museum. for almost five centuries, it served as the home of the emperor and his household（家人）, as well as the ceremonial（仪式的）and political（政治的）centre of chinese government.the great wall in the north of china, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. now well-known as the great wall of china, it starts at the jiayuguan pass of gansu province in the west and ends at the shanhaiguan pass of hebei province in the east. as one of the eight wonders in the world, the great wall of china has become the symbol of the chinese nation and its culture.beijing national stadium (bird's nest/olympic stadium) (鸟巢) the beijing national stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the summer olympics and will be host to the opening and closing ceremonies. lijiang the poetic and picturesque(如诗如画的)li river originates（发源）in mountain mao’er (cat) at xin’an county (县) about 80 km in the northeast of guilin. it winds and meanders (蜿蜒而流)its way for 170 kilometers, passing through guilin, yangshuo to the outlet of gongchen river in pingle county and then joins the xi river, which is the upper reaches of pearl river.
