British and American English教案1
高二英语必修五module 1 british and american english 导学案
grammar
学习目标learning aims: recognize some tenses: the present indefinite, the present continuous, the present perfect and so on.
学习重点learning important：master the basic rules of several sorts o f. for instance: the present perfect, the present indefinite, the present continuous.
知识链接knowledge links: other usages of three tenses
学法指导guidance of learning: learn them by doing some exercises or drillings.
探究过程processes of exploring:
【一般现在时】
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。构成一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-s。（一般的动词词尾+s。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母+y结尾的把y变成 i，+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.)
【用法】
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语always, usually, every morning /night/evening/day/week, ,often, sometimes, from time to time, twice a week ,seldom, never.
i leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
⑴the earth moves around the sun. ⑵shanghai lies in the east of china.
3) 表示格言或警句中。pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。columbus proved that the earth is round..
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
i don't want so much.
ann wang writes good english but does not speak well.
比较：now i put the sugar in the cup.
i am doing my homework now.
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：now watch me, i switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
5).表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。
he starts next week. 他下个星期出发。
we leave very soon. 我们很快就离开。
the train starts at 10 o'clock in the morning. 火车将在早上10点开出。
这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词：go去，come来，leave离开，start出发，begin开始，arrive到达，take off起飞，等。
【特殊用法表将来】
1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
the train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
when does the bus start? it starts in ten minutes.
2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：here comes the bus. = the bus is coming.
there goes the bell. = the bell is ringing.
