Unit 3 Online travel
【答案】
→ are your clothes washed very often?
7. most people in the usa speak english.
【答案】
→ english is spoken by most people in the usa.
8. people listen to this programme in many countries.
【答案】
→ this programme is listened to in many countries.
9. people speak english in many countries.
【答案】
→ english is spoken in many countries.
10. do you often clean your room?
【答案】
→ is your room often cleaned by you?
（二）一般过去时的被动语态
一）掌握一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成
一般过去时的被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性的被动性动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。
句型格式：was / were + done
即由主语(动作承受者) + was / were + 过去分词(+ by + 施动者)构成。
与主动语态相比, 被动语态中主语是谓语动作的执行者。无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by+动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was, were由主语单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词或代词或i时用was，主语为复数名词或代词或you时用were。
例：1. 去年，我是由赵老师教的。
i was taught by miss zhao last year.
2. 那些信是由一位有名作家写的。
those letters were written by a famous writer.
3. 昨天晚上那条裙子被买走了。
that skirt was bought last night.
4. －我的书在哪里？
－刚才它被放在桌子上的。
－where is my book ?
－it was put on the desk just now.
5. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。
this bridge was built in october last year.
这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。
these cakes were made by my mother last night.
女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。
the girl said she was often beaten by her brother.
二）掌握一般过去时被动语态句型的变换方法
一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，构成否定句在其后加not，构成一般疑问句将其提至句首，构成特殊疑问句将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，构成反意疑问句保留was/were。
his computer was not stolen by thieves last night.
他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。
was your homework finished in time yesterday evening?
昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？
when was your letter written? the day before yesterday?
你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？
why was this problem not worked out by you?
为什么你没有解出这道试题？
your bike was not repaired last night, was it?
你的自行车昨晚没有被修，是吗？
——这房子不是1958年建造的。
——是哪一年造的呢？
——1987年。
——this house was not built in 1958.
——when was it built?
——it was built in 1987.
三）掌握一般过去时被动语态疑问句的回答方法
一般过去时被动语态一般疑问句的肯定回答用“yes, …was/were. ”否定回答用“no, …wasn’t/weren’t. ”特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法。反意疑问句也应用“yes, …was/were. ”或“no, …wasn’t/weren’t. ”进行回答。
