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2021高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导

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2021高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导

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2021高考英语短文改错与完型填空解题指导

一. 知识总结与归纳:
短文改错解题指导:
首先要理解整个短文的含义,逻辑关系,篇章结构。在仔细研究每一句的意 义。借助划分句子成分的方法判断每一部分是否有错误。读句子时一定以整句为单位。
在研究每一行的句子时,首先把握句子的意思,然后划分句子的成分:主 语;谓语部分;宾语;状语:地点,时间,方式等。如果句子是并列句或复合句,先分开各部分小的分句,根据各个分句之间的关系判断使用的连词是否正确。然后 再研究各个分句的成分。
(一)名词使用错误:名词一般在句中做主语或宾语,名词的错误主要在于名词单,复数的错误使用。
1. we study quite a few subject, such as maths, chinese, english and physics.:subject是可数名词根据本句的意思,前面有quite a few修饰,应当改为复数形式。
2. we practise three times every week and often watch football match on tv together.:根据本句的意思match在此应当改为复数形式。
3. on the way up i was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.:picture应当改成复数形式,因为作者一路上忙于照相,不止仅照一张像。
另外还要注意名词所有格形式上的错误使用。
 
(二)动词的语法错误:
(1)作为谓语动词,注意谓语动词在时态,语态,与主语是否一致以及用词方面的问题。
1. my favourite sport is football. i was a member of our school team. :全句的基本时态应当是现在时,was应改为am
2. playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.:主谓一致的错误。give的主语是playing football,动名词作主语是单数形 式,应改为:gives
3. …the scenery was so beautiful. the time passes quickly. evening came down.:时态错误。全句是过去时态,passes 改为passed
4. as we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.:动词形式的错误。句中有三个连续的动作做谓语。因此visit不是 伴随状语,是第二个谓语动词,应该为visited.
(2)作为非谓语动词,现在分词,过去分词,动名词,不定式形式的使用错误,同时注意非谓语动词在平行结构中出现的错误。
1. not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.:hang up在此做定语修饰先行词clothes,应改为现在分词形式表示挂着各种衣服。
2. he had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.:定语从句是说:他把业余时间花在学习上,按句型结构:spend some time doing something.所以studied应改为:studying.
 
(三)形容词,副词使用错误:注意1,形容词和副词的比较级,原级,最高级使用方面的问题;2,修饰比较级的副词的错误使用。3,以ing和以ed结尾的形容词的混用。4,形容词和副词的混用。
1. i’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.:形容词与副词混用。have a wonderful time:过得非常愉快。wonderfully 改为:wonderful
2. people will work few hours than they do now. :这是一个含比较级的句子。(句 中有than),few 改为比较级形式fewer
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