初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习(初二英语(下))
bring me the book, please. 把那本书给我拿来。
take some food to the old man. 给那位老人带去些食物。
2. somebody/ anybody/nobody
一般说来,somebody用于定句,anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。例如:
somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出来时有人来见你。
does anybody live on this island? 有人在这岛上住吗?
i didn't see anybody there. 我在那儿谁也没看见。
don't let anybody in. i'm too busy to see anybody. 别让任何人进来。我太忙,谁也不想见。
there is nobody in the room. 房间里没人。
nobody told me that you were ill, so i didn't know about it .谁也没告诉我你病了所以我不知道。
3. listen, listen to, hear
这三个词意思都是“听”,但是它们的用法不完全相同。它们的区别在于:
(1)listen 只用于不及物动词,后面接人或人物做宾语,着重于“倾听”,指的是有意识的动作,至于是否听到,并非强调的重点。如:
listen! someone is singing in the classroom. 听!有人在教室唱歌。
(2)listen to 为listen的及物形式,后面一定要接人或物做宾语,这里的to是介词。如:
do you like listening to light music?你喜欢听轻音乐吗?
(3)hear 可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,意思是“听到、听见”,指用耳朵听到了某个声音,表示无意识的动作,着重于听的能力和结果。如:we hear with our ears.我们用耳朵听。she listens but hears nothing.她听了听,但是什么也没有听见。
4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如:
he has many books.他有许多书。he drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶。
(2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿",侧重于肯定,相当于"some",但a few修饰可数名词,a little修饰不可数名词,例如:he has a few friends in london.他在伦敦有一些朋友。
would you like some coffee? yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗?好的,只要一点。
(3)few和little表示"几乎没有",侧重否定。few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例如:
he is a strange man. he has few words.他是个怪人,他几乎不说什么话。
hurry up, there is little time left.赶快,没什么时间了。
5. either/ neither/ both
either可作形容词,一般指"两者中的任何一个"。有时也可表示"两个都……"的意思,后跟名词的单数形式;neither: 指两者中没有一个,全否定;both: 指两者都,肯定。句中可作主语、宾语和定语,both后面应跟名词的复数形式。如:neither of the films is good.两部电影都不好。(没有一部是好的)either of the films is good. 两部电影都不错。(谓语动词用单数)both the teachers often answer the questions.这两个老师都常常解答问题。
6. take part in/join
take part in参加某种活动; join参加,加入某一政党或组织。例如:can you take part in my party.你能来参加我的派对吗?we often take part in many school activities.我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。he joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的党。my little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年参的军。