高一英语Unit1 Being a Teenager教学案
this is the mountain village where i stayed last year.
i’ll never forget the days when i worked together with you.
判断改错
(错) this is the mountain village where i visited last year.
(错) i will never forget the days when i spent in the countryside.
(对) this is the mountain village (which) i visited last year.
(对) i'll never forget the days (which) i spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?
a. where b. that c. on which d. the one
例2. is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held?
a. where b. that c. on which d. the one
答案:例1. d 例2. a
例1变为肯定句: this museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句: this is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选d。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选a。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 (where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
4. 限制性和非限制性定语从句:
1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,例如:
this is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:
charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理•史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。
my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:
he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。