演讲稿是在一定的场合，面对一定的听众，演讲人围绕着主题讲话的文稿。在不断进步的社会中，越来越多人会去使用演讲稿，那么一般演讲稿是怎么写的呢？金笔头网为您精心收集了9篇《英语演讲稿带翻译》，如果能帮助到亲，我们的一切努力都是值得的。
President pitzer Mr. Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:
I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.
I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.
We meet at a college noted for knowledge, in a city noted for progress, in a state noted for strength, and we stand in need of all three, for we meet in an hour of change and challenge, in a decade of hope and fear, in an age of both knowledge and ignorance. The greater our knowledge increases, the greater our ignorance unfolds.
Despite the striking fact that most of the scientists that the world has ever known are alive and working today, despite the fact that this Nation's own scientific manpower is doubling every 12 years in a rate of growth more than three times that of our population as a whole, despite that, the vast stretches of the unknown and the unanswered and the unfinished still far outstrip our collective comprehension.
No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50,000 years of man's recorded history in a time span of but a half-century. Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them. Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter. Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels. Christianity began less than two years ago. The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power. Newton explored the meaning of gravity. Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available. Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will have literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.
This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers. Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.
So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait. But this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. This country was conquered by those who moved forward--and so will space.
William Bradford, speaking in 1630 of the founding of the Plymouth Bay Colony, said that all great and honorable actions are accompanied with great difficulties, and both must be enterprised and overcome with answerable courage.
If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.
Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolution, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it--we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.
Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. In short, our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.
We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war. I do not say that we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.
There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation many never come again. But why, some say, the moon? Why choose this as our goal? And they may well ask why climb the highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas?
We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.
It is for these reasons that I regard the decision last year to shift our efforts in space from low to high gear as among the most important decisions that will be made during my incumbency in the office of the Presidency.
In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history. We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10,000 automobiles with their accelerators on the floor. We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48 story structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.
Within these last 19 months at least 45 satellites have circled the earth. Some 40 of them were made in the United States of America and they were far more sophisticated and supplied far more knowledge to the people of the world than those of the Soviet Union.
The Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science. The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the 40-yard lines.
Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course. Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.
We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them. And they may be less public.
To be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight. But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.
The growth of our science and education will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for industry, medicine, the home as well as the school. Technical institutions, such as Rice, will reap the harvest of these gains.
And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs. Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth. What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space. Houston, your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community. During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to $60 million a year; to invest some $200 million in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over $1 billion from this center in this city.
To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money. This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined. That budget now stands at $5,400 million a year--a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year. Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United States, for we have given this program a high national priority--even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us. But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25,000 miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun--almost as hot as it is here today--and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out--then we must be bold.
I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute.
However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid. I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job. And this will be done in the decade of the Sixties. It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university. It will be done during the terms of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform. But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.
And I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.
Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."
Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there. And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.
Thank you.
This letter is a complaint concerning the actions of one of your salespersons. On Tuesday, May 5, 2012, around 2 P.m.., I went to your store to look for a T-shirt. When I asked a salesperson, Ms. Wang for help in finding my size, she informed me that she was busy and I would have to find one myself. I explained that the reason why I came to her was that I couldn’t find one. She then said in a rude tone that if I couldn’t find one, it meant that the store didn’t have it, and that I needed to look somewhere else.
这封信是关于你的一个销售人员的起诉。上星期二，2012年5月5日，下午2点左右。，我去你店里找一件T恤。当我问一个业务员，王女士在找我的尺寸的'帮助，她告诉我，她很忙，我会找到一个自己。我解释了我为什么来到她的理由是我找不到。然后她说粗鲁的声音，如果我找不到人，这意味着商店没有它，和我需要到别处看看。
I felt that Ms Wang was rude. I hope that you will look into the matter: I shop frequently at your store and I look forward to a more pleasurable shopping experience next time.
我觉得，王女士很粗鲁。我希望你会调查此事：我经常在你的店店我期待一个更愉快的购物经验，下一次。
大家好，我是吉首大学一名大四的旅游管理的学生，旅游管理的同学们在哪里看看好吗？（姓名介绍）。我不想说自己作为一个嘉宾站在这里，我想我就是你们其中的一员一份子来说说，英语口语的学习。在此之前，我们自己来说说英语口语中你们说遇到的问题，有1、没有语言环境2、发音不标准3、
看看有遇到外国人想搭讪的？都遇到什么情况？没有朋友之间你推我，我推你，最后谁都没有去成，2、有没有自己心里鼓起巨大勇气，激动了老半天，心脏都快蹦出来了，结果老外从你身边走了。3、有木有默默地飘过的生活中有许许多多这样的情况，特别是在张家界这样的旅游城市，每天都会遇到老外，每天不知道有多少这样子联系英语口语的机会，但永远飘过我们的身边。所以面对大家说的没有语言环境或者是练习没有好拍档，我个人认为第一点也是最重要的一点抓住你身边的每一可以练习的机会。人生不是没有机会，而是机遇来到你的身边的时候，你没有准备好。
今天，我们的整个新闪亮团队给大家带来一次这种学习的英语口语的机会，不仅人我们报一大堆的英语证书，为了和还可以和老外自由的沟通。让我看看向过四六级又想学好英语口语的人有多少。我就结合自身的经历，练习英语口语我一路的旅行一路的练习。1、抓住每一个沟通外语的机会，我自己呢就是搭讪老外，只要是外国人就不会放过机会，……………………（尼泊尔，荷兰）2、积极运用肢体语言…………3、找美国人或者年轻人 4、学会用自己已有的词汇表达（迪拜，阿拉伯塔酒店，又称迪拜帆船酒店）5学会猜（美国，湘雅医院）听了那么多事情你们就一定觉得我的英语很好，如果用中国应试教育的标准来说，我确实比较 low，我高中三年就高考英语及格而且是那种擦边球那种的，每次一做题目我都觉得正确答案有问题，题目明明是说我学到了什么，我学到了A正确答案确是告诉我学到了B。学到了什么不是学生说了算吗？反倒老师成我们肚子肥虫知道了。
对于英语口语一路的旅行一路的练习，旅行过程中处处有各种各样和老外搭讪学英语的机会。人生旅途的机遇也是如此，你和各种各样的机遇擦肩而过，有时候或许算不上机会但你却创造了机会。有时候特显眼的机会摆在你面前你却不知道。今天我们新闪亮就带了这么一个让大家不仅向前一个同学一样可以拿到四六级高分，而且可以在人生的旅途中面对外国人想说就说。加入新闪亮就是个机会，
你见，或者不见我，机会就在这里，里不悲不喜
你愿，或者不愿意，机会还在这里，不来不去
你来，或者不不来，机会依旧就在这里，不增不减
你跟，或者不跟我，选择就在你的手里，我不舍不弃来等你们来新闪亮的大家庭里，者让新闪亮住进你的心里，默然相爱，寂静喜欢
我们期待你们加入新闪亮，抓住这个机遇，抱着你的证书，打开你的口腔，我们一起来说，一起来练习，一起来进步，一起来成长。最后我们玩一个游戏，请伸出我们右手在伸出我们的左手，两手掌心不断碰撞在一起热烈欢迎（*******）。
今天，我做了一天的家务，好累呀！比如：洗衣服、浇花、收拾房间浇花：如果不用心浇的话，不几天叶子都黄了，客人来你家一看，花都没浇好，会笑你的'。
Today, I have been doing housework all day, so tired! For example: washing clothes, watering flowers, cleaning the room Water the flowers: if you dont need heart watering, the leaves will be yellow in a few days. When the guests come to your house, they dont water the flowers well, they will laugh at you.
收拾房间：收拾房间好累呀！如果我平时不乱扔乱放，今天就不会有这么累了。
Clean up the room: its so tired to clean up the room! If I didnt litter, I wouldnt be so tired today.
做了一天的家务劳动，我终于感受到了做妈妈的劳累，每天要上班、做饭，还要辅导我学习，她很累。
After a days housework, I finally feel the tired of being a mother. She has to go to work, cook and help me with my study every day. She is very tired.
我们要努力学习，长大成为一位科学家，研究出一个家务机器人，为家里干活，不让每一个妈妈每天劳累的干活。
We should study hard, grow up to be a scientist, develop a housework robot, work for the family, and not let every mother work hard every day.
Good morning ladies and gentlmen,It is my great pleasure to stand here to present my speech—— As you slowly open your eyes, look around, notice where the light comes into your room;
listen carefully, see if there are new sounds you can recognize;
feel with your body and spirit, and see if you can sense the freshness in the air. Yes, yes, yes, it’s a new day, it’s a different day, and it’s a bright day! And most importantly, it’s a new beginning for your life, a beginning where you are going to make new decisions, take new actions, make new friends, and take your life to a totally unprecedented（空前的） level. In your mind’s eye, you can see clearly the things you want to have, the paces you intend to go, the relationships you desire to develop, and the positions you aspire（励志） to reach. You can hear your laughters of joy and happiness on the day when everything happens as you dream. You can see the smiles on the people around you when the magic moment strikes. You can feel your face is getting red, your heart is beating fast, and your blood is rushing all over your body, to every single corner of your being! You know all this is real as long as you are confident, passionate and committed!（效忠的） And you are confident, you are passionate, you are committed! You will no longer fear making new sounds, showing new facial expressions, using your body in new ways, approaching new people, and asking new questions. You will live every single day of your life with absolute passion, and you will show your passion through the words you speak and the actions you take. You will focus all your time and effort on the most important goals of your life. You will never succumb（屈服，屈从） to challenges of hardships. You will never waver（动摇） in your pursuit of excellence. After all, you are the best, and you deserve the best! As your coach and friend, I can assure you the door to all the best things in the world will open to you, but the key to that door is in your hand. You must do your part. You must faithfully follow the plans you make and take the actions you plan;
you must never quit and you must never fear. I know you must do it, you can do it, you will do it, and you will succeed! Now stand firm and tall, make a fist, get excited, and yell it out: I must do it! I can do it! I will do it! I will succeed! I must do it! I can do it! I will do it! I will succeed! I must do it! I can do it! I will do it! I will succeed!
How time flies！My three—year middle school life will be over soon。 Looking back，I have many memories of my English study。
时间过得真快！我三年的初中生活即将结束。回首过去，我有我的英语学习很多的回忆。
When I entered the middle school，I had so many difficulties with my English。 I was not able to understand the teacher in class，and I couldn’t master the words and phrases。 For a time I wanted to give it up。 Later，with the help of the teacher and my classmates，I listened to the teacher carefully in class，kept on reading English every day and spoke English as much as possible。 Step by step I made great progress in English。
当我进入中学，我的英语有很多困难。我不能理解老师在课堂上，我不能掌握的'单词和短语。有一次我想放弃。后来，在老师和同学的帮助下，我在课堂上认真听老师讲课，坚持每天读英语，说英语，尽可能多的。一步一步使我的英语进步很大。
In a word，only when you develop interest in studying English can you learn it well。
总之，只有当你培养学习英语的兴趣，你才能学好它。
Honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen. Today，we are gathering here to discuss a very hot issue. how to find harmony in a new age between man and nature? Where modern science and technology are concerned I am only a layman I have to say. However, living in this "new age" , seeing my dear ones suffering from respiratory diseases from time to time, finding the beautiful colors of green and blue are being replaced by that of gray and pale, and realizing that our mother planet is getting more and more unhealthy; I cant help trying to offer my idea and my trivial efforts to look for the answer of the question.
尊敬的评委，女士们、先生们。今天我们聚在一起讨论一个热门的话题：如何在新时代找到人与自然的和谐？谈到科学技术，我必须承认，我是个门外汉。但是，生活在这个“新时代”，看着自己亲爱的人时刻遭受呼吸疾病的折磨，看着美丽的蓝色和绿色被灰色和苍白所代替，意识到我们的地球母亲正越来越不健康，我忍不住要提出自己的主张，奉献微薄的力量，去寻找这一问题的答案。
As the ancient Greek oracle goes: know thyself. I think in answering this above-mentioned question, this precondition is also very important.
古希腊有这样一个神谕：了解自己。我想在回答上述的问题时，这一先决条件是很重要的。
Who are we? This is a question, which should be answered not only by those specialists, but also by every one of human beings.
我们是谁？这是一个间题，不仅应由专家来回答，而且应该由每一个人来回答。
Some people may proudly say: we are the masters of nature. It is true that the idea of "man can conquer nature" has dominated peoples mind for years, and it is true, man has kept acting like a master and doing whatever things he wants for thousands of years. However, as the consequence of this kind of "leadership" , now the "master" seems to be confronted with problems that are far beyond his control. Facts are really very ample. The
green house effect leaves islands and cities along the coast, such as this oriental pearl-Shanghai, in danger of the disaster of being drowned; the holes of the ozone layer make the earth less suitable to live for some creatures including human beings; the phenomena of EL Nino and La Nina leave the land with serious flood and drought, and the diseases, caused by pollution, are increasing at an incredible speed... Seeing all these facts, can we still ignore the counterattack of nature? We are not the masters of nature. Facing all the disasters made by ourselves, we, mankind as a whole should realize that we are just a normal member of the big family of nature. Any mistreatment towards nature will meet only with the revenge from her.
也许有人会自豪地说：我们是自然的主人。许多年来，“人定胜天”这一观念已在许多人心中根深蒂固，这是事实。长期以来，人类以主人的姿态随心所欲、为所欲为，这也是事实。不过，这种“主导”的后果是，今天所谓的“主人”面临着自己无法控制的问题。证据是充足的。温室效应使岛屿和沿海城市，比如上海这颗东方明珠等，处于被海水侵吞的。灾难危机之中；臭氧层的空洞使得地球不再适宜于居住，对其他动物如此，对人类也一样；厄尔尼诺现象和拉尼那现象使地球早涝成灾；污染所导致的疾病正以惊人的速度传播着……看到这些现象，我们还能无视这自然的反击吗？我们不是自然的主人。面对着自己造成的灾难，我们，整个人类，应该意识到我们只是自然大家族中普通的一员。任何对自然的虐待只能遭到来自自然的报复。
By saying so, I do not mean we should give a sudden stop to any development. Because that will result in a threat to the existence of human society. I mean we should treat nature equally, leaving the chance of existence and development to nature as we are obtaining the same thing, and thus we will get the situation of win-win.
我这样说，并不是指我们应该马上停止发展。因为这会导致对人类社会生存的威胁。我指的是我们应该平等地对待自然，给自然以生存和发展的机会，就像我们自身所寻求的一样。只有这样，我们才会有一个皆大欢喜的境况。
I am very pleased to find that now more and more people, from every corner of the planet, have come to realize that harmony with nature is the only way to universal and continuous progress and prosperity. And I think that is why we come here from all over the country to discuss this topic today.
I want to end my speech by quoting from Mr. Nixon. "Our destiny offers, not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity." The future is not ours to see of course. However, by seizing firmly the opportunities, by knowing clearly about ourselves, we, human beings, can doubtlessly achieve the real harmony with nature!
Thank you.
我很高兴地发现来自地球各个地方的越来越多的人，正逐步意识到与自然的和谐是不断繁荣进步的出路。这就是今天我们从全国吝地汇集在此讨论这一话题的原因。
我想引用尼克松先生的话来结束我的发言：“我们的命运给予的不是失望之杯，是机遇之博。”当然，未来不是我们能够预测的。不过，紧紧抓住机遇，清楚地了解自己，我们人类，就一定能达成与自然的和楷，谢谢。
我的小伙伴---仔仔，它是个非常调皮可爱的小家伙，全身毛球毛球的，眼睛圆溜溜。只要你一喊它的名字，他就会萌萌哒看着你。不管我去哪里都想带着它！
My little friend, Zizai, is a very naughty and cute little guy with a hairball all over his body and round eyes. As soon as you call its name, he will look at you. I want to take it with me wherever I go!
嘿嘿，有时候在学校课间的十分钟，我都会情不自禁的'想起它，不知道它现在是在干什么呢！我不在家的时候有没有听其他人的话，如果不乖的时候，阿公会不会拿棍子教训它啊？想到这儿，我还真的有点担心了……
Haha, sometimes I can't help thinking of it in ten minutes between classes. I don't know what it is doing now! Did I listen to other people's words when I was not at home? If I was not obedient, would a gong teach it a lesson with a stick? Thinking of this, I'm really worried
仔仔啊，姐姐不在家的时候你可要真的听话哦！要不阿公请你吃“皮带炒肉丝”的时候可没人上去保护你哦！！
Zaizai, you should be really obedient when your sister is not at home! Otherwise, when Grandpa invited you to eat "fried shredded pork with belt", no one would go up to protect you!!
My friends, comrades, and fellow South Africans: I greet you all in the name of peace, democracy, and freedom for all. I stand here before you not as a prophet but as a humble servant of you, the people. Your tireless and heroic sacrifices have made it possible for me to be here today. I therefore have placed the remaining years of my life in your , I extend my sincere and warmest gratitude to the millions of my compatriots and those in every corner of the globe who have campaigned tirelessly for my release. I extend special greetings to the people of Cape Town the city through which — which has been my home for three decades.
I salute the rank?and?file members of the ANC: You have sacrificed life and limb in the pursuit of the noble cause of our , like Solomon Mahlangu and Ashley Kriel, who have paid the ultimate price for the freedom of all South Africans. I salute the South African Communist Party for its sterling contribution to the struggle for democracy. You have survived 40 years of unrelenting persecution.
The memory of great communists like Moses Kotane, Yusuf Dadoo, Bram Fischer, and Moses Mabhida will be cherished for generations to come. I salute General Secretary Joe Slovo, one of our finest patriots. We are heartened by the fact that the alliance between ourselves and the Party remains as strong as it — it always , the National Education Crisis Committee, the South African Youth Congress, the Transvaal and Natal Indian Congresses, and COSATU and the many other formations of the Mass Democratic Movement. I also salute the Black Sash and the National Union of South African Students.
We note with pride that you have looked — that you have acted as the conscience of white South Africa. Even during the darkest days in the history of our struggle you held the flag of liberty high. The large?scale mass mobilization of the past few years is one of the key factors which led to the opening of the final chapter of our — Your organized strength is the pride of our movement. You remain the most dependable force in the struggle to end exploitation and oppression.
I greet the traditional leaders of our country — many among you continue to walk in the footsteps of great heroes like Hintsa and , you, the young lions. You, the young lions, have energized our entire struggle. I pay tribute to the mothers and wives and sisters of our nation. Without your support our struggle would not have reached this advanced stage. The sacrifice of the frontline states will be remembered by South Africans , black and white, recognize that apartheid has no future. It has to be ended by our own decisive mass action in order to build peace and security.
The mass campaigns of defiance and other actions of our organizations and people can onlyculminate in the establishment of continent is in calculable. The fabric of family life of millions of my people has been shattered. Millions are homeless and unemployed. Our economy — Our economy lies in ruins and our people are embroiled in political strife. Our resort to the armed struggle in 1960 with the formation of the military wing of the ANC, Umkhonto we Sizwe, was a purely defensive action against the violence of apartheid. The factors which necessitated the armed struggle still exist today. We have no option but to continue. We express the hope that a climate conducive to a negotiated settlement will be created soon so that there may no longer be the need for the armed , strategies, and , I feel duty?bound to make the point that a leader of the movement is a person who has been democratically elected at a national conference.
This is a principle which must be upheld without any , I wish to report to you that my talks with the government have been aimed at normalizing the political situation in the country. We have not as yet begun discussing the basic demands of the struggle. I wish to stress that I myself have at no time entered into negotiations about the future of our country except to insist on a meeting between the ANC and the has gone further than any other Nationalist President in taking real steps to normalize the situation. However, there are further steps, as outlined in the Harare Declaration, that have to be met before negotiations on the basic demands of our people can begin.
Negotiations cannot take place — Negotiations cannot take place above the heads or behind the backs of our people. It is our belief that the future of our country can only be determined by a body which is democratically elected on a non?racial basis. Negotiations on the dismantling of apartheid will have to address the overwhelming demands of our people for a democratic, non?racial and unitary South Africa. And this reality is that we are still suffering under the policies of the Nationalist , so that the process towards democracy is rapid and uninterrupted. We have waited too long for our freedom. We can no longer wait.
Now is the time to intensify the struggle on all fronts. To relax our efforts now would be a mistake which generations to come will not be able to role in a united democratic and non?racial South Africa is the only way to peace and racial harmony. In conclusion, I wish to quote my own words during my trial in 1964. They are as true today as they were then. I spoke: I have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and — and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.
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